5
This number is a prime.
There are 5 Platonic solids (convex regular polyhedra).
The smallest prime in the first sexy prime pair (5, 11). Note that it is "sexy" since sex is the Latin word for six. [Wilson]
The first prime of the form 6n - 1.
Provably the only prime that is a member of two pairs of twin primes. [Pallo]
55 = 38 + 39 + 40 + ... + 87. [Dutta]
There are no known Wall-Sun-Sun primes greater than 5.
1/2 + 1/3 + 1/5 exceeds 1.
The smallest balanced prime.
The 5th Mersenne prime is -1 + 23 * 45.
5 starts the smallest set of prime quadruplets, i. e.,
(p, p + 2, p + 6, p + 8) are all prime. [Murthy]
5 = 3! - 2! + 1!
The smallest Wilson prime.
The mineral apatite is 5 on Mohs' hardness scale.
A cryptarithm is a type of mathematical puzzle in which most or all of the digits in a mathematical expression are substituted by letters or other symbols. In the case of XZY + XYZ = YZX, the value of Z must equal 5.
The 5th nonzero Fibonacci number.
4p - 3 is prime for p = 2, 3, 5, 7 and 11 (the first 5 consecutive primes).
In 1769 Lambert noted that the number of the digits of the repetend of a repeating decimal, 1/a,
divides a-1 for a = 3 or a prime greater than 5.
The only prime solution to the "triangle = square pyramid " problem, which involves
the equation 3(2y + 1)2 = 8x3 + 12x2 + 4x + 3.
Any Lucas number L5p, for any prime p greater than or equal to 5, has at least two distinct primitive prime factors. [Jarden]
n! never ends in 5 zeros. Note that the first 5 terms in the sequence of numbers of zeros that n! never ends in are all prime. The set includes 5, 11, 17, 23, and 29.
The only prime that is the sum of "Siamese twins," i.e., 2 and 3, which are the only pair of primes that are conjoined (have no composite between them). [Gevisier]
WCYB5 in Bristol, Virginia, has been rated America's number one television station.
Subfactorial 5 is palindromic.
7 * 10n + 1 and 9 * 10n + 7 are prime for n = 1 to 5. [Luhn]
5 requires 5 steps to reach 1 in the 3x + 1 (or Collatz) Problem. Paul Erdős said about the Collatz problem: "Mathematics is not yet ready for such confusing, troubling, and hard problems." He offered $500 for its solution. (Lagarias, 1985)
5 is close to 6(Phi2)/π. [Moody]
The smaller in a set of twin primes whose product is the
concatenation of two successive primes, i.e., 5*7 = 3~5. Is
there another set of twin primes with this property? See PC89107...70827 (36-digits) for a near hit! [Honaker]
A limerick is a light humorous or nonsensical verse of 5 lines that usually has the rhyme scheme aabba. [Luhn]
The fewest number of moves for pawn promotion to occur in chess. [Rachlin]
The smallest odd prime equal to the sum of two squares and
to the arithmetic mean of two squares. [Capelle]
The word PRIME contains 5 letters. [Russell]
5 is the 5th digit in the decimal expansion of π = 3.1415.... [Gupta]
Every type of worm has 5 hearts to pump blood through it's long body. [Gilkes]
Many scientists consider information as the 5th dimension. [Luhn]
The number of seconds per hour divided by 5 factorial equals 5 primorial. [Luhn]
Euclid gave 5 postulates of plane geometry. [McCranie]
The American 5-cent piece called a "nickel" weighs 5.000 grams. It used to be made of nickel but is now mostly a copper alloy. [Lee]
5 is unique in that it is the sum of all primes less than 5. [Luhn]
The most cars have room for 5 people. [Luhn]
Some giraffe species have five horns on their heads. [Poo Sung]
Alan Turing's Erdős number. [Croll]
USA, UK, France, China, and Russia are 5 permanent members of the UN Security Council. [Poo Sung]
Mozart mastered his first musical composition before the age of 5. [Tallarico]
The only prime which is the difference of two prime squares. [Gupta]
The only prime sum of two consecutive Sophie Germain primes. [Silva]
The smallest safe prime. [Russo]
The smallest good prime. [Russo]
There are currently (August 2002) 5 known Mersenne primes with a prime number of digits. [Rupinski]
5 is the smallest first member of a twin primes pair (a, b) such that (a + b) +/- 1 is a second twin primes pair (c, d). [De Geest]
If you sum squares like 0^2 + 1^2 = 1, 0^2 + 1^2 + 2^2 = 5, 0^2 + 1^2 + 2^2 + 3^2 = 14, etc., it can be proven that the only prime you ever get for a sum is 5. [Burns]
There are 5 vowels in the English language: a, e, i, o and u. [Wagler]
Is "abstemious" the only English word which uses all 5 vowels just once in alphabetical order and contains the same number of consonants? [Bown]
5! + 5 = 53. [Woep]
Each 2^{2^n}-5 with n>3 cannot be the sum of two prime powers. [Zhi-Wei Sun]
The only prime digit in which a perfect square can end. [Gupta]
Several of The Prime Pages have been peer reviewed by the staff at MERLOT (Multimedia Educational Resource for Learning and Online Teaching) and rated 5 out of 5 in all categories.
The smallest prime comparable to all minimal primes in base 2. [Rupinski]
The first 5 open-end aliquot sequences are the so-called "Lehmer five."
5 is unique in that it is the only odd integer that can be expressed as the sum of two consecutive primes. [King]
The sum of all minimal primes in base 2 is prime. [Rupinski]
The largest minimal prime in base 4. [Rupinski]
Fn = 2^(2^n) + 1 are semiprimes for n = 5, 6, 7, and 8. [De Geest and
Honaker]
5 is unique in that it is the first and only prime with 5 as the last digit. [Gust]
Ackerman's function A(m,n) is never prime for any m ≥ 5. [Hartley]
The 5 Olympic rings overlap to create 3^2 separate areas. Note the first three primes in reverse order. [Miglinci]
5 stays in the middle of every magic square of order 3. Note that the magical sum for such a square is 5*3. [Laurv]
There are 5 books in the Bible with exactly 5 chapters. [Hartley]
5 is the only prime number surrounded by four prime factors (2*2, 5, 2*3). [Wagler]
The smallest number of queens needed to attack every square on a standard chess board. [Patterson]
Phi can be expressed as (5^.5*.5+.5). Perhaps 5 should be spelled phive. [Patterson]
!5 - 1 is prime. Note that !5 represents subfactorial 5. [Gupta]
5 = 12 in base 3. There is no other prime p that can be expressed as p = 12...n in base n+1, because p has n as a factor if n is odd, or n/2, if n is even. [Necula]
The smallest odd prime Thabit number. Arab mathematician Thabit ibn Qurra discovered a rule for finding amicable pairs based on these numbers (of the form 3 * 2n - 1) before his death in Baghdad in 901.
An ace is a military aircraft pilot who has destroyed 5 or more enemy aircraft. [Richthofen]
5 is the answer to the question asked at the very end of the mathematics quiz show in the movie Little Man Tate.
The only sexy prime quintuplet starts at 5. I.e, 5+6, 5+6+6, 5+6+6+6 and 5+6+6+6+6 are also prime. [Opao]
The only single-digit prime with a prime ASCII code: 35 (in base 16) = 53. [Necula]
One of the best-known perfumes, Chanel N°5, was introduced by Gabrielle "Coco" Chanel on May 5, 1921.
"e" is the fifth letter of the English alphabet. [Dunham]
5 is the smallest number that appear in two twin Pythagorean triplets: (3, 4, 5) and (5, 12, 13). [Laurv]
5 is the smallest hypotenuse of a Pythagorean triangle (3^2 + 4^2 = 5^2). [Laurv]
5 is conjectured to be the only odd untouchable number. [Adams-Watters]
In esoteric writings, 5 is the number of magic that travels through cycles of four (e.g., seasons). [Woep]
The length of the side of a basic pantactic square (see Brian Astle, "Pantactic Squares" Math Gazette 1965, pp.144-52). [Astle]
Among the Platonic Solids the Dodecahedron and its dual the
Icosahedron have rotational symmetry groups isomorphic to
A5. [Beedassy]
Henry Ford is said to have paid his assembly-line workers an unheard of $5.00 a day, in 1914. [McAlee]
A Star Fish has 5 pointy legs. [McAlee]
All the solutions of n = π(2n) are nonnegative integers less than 5. [Firoozbakht]
5 is the first Centered Square Prime Number. [Post]
The first prime Apéry number. [Post]
5 is the smallest prime numerator of a Bernoulli number. [Post]
The only prime that is sandwiched between two semiprimes. [Gupta]
5 is the smallest nontrivial Euler number. [Terr]
"All number of the form n^4+4 , except 5, is the product of
two integers." [Germain]
Evariste Galois was the first to show that equations of
degree 5 cannot be solved by radicals. [Beedassy]
Divisibility test for 5: A number is divisible by 5 if it
ends in 0 or 5.
A mathematical analysis says that our universe may well be a 5D black hole (General Relativity and Gravitation, Volume 37, p.1339).
The masculine marriage number to the Pythagoreans, uniting the first female number and the first male number by addition.
There are 5 families of butterflies. [Capelle]
5 is written with 5 lines on a calculator.
FIVE is the only prime written with an equal (prime) number of distinct vowels and consonants, i.e., IE & FV. [Beedassy]
Eugen J. Ionascu and collaborators were the first to establish that there can be no more than 5 Heron triangles (i.e., integer-sided triangles with integral areas) with two fixed prime sides. [Beedassy]
The only temperatures that are prime integers in both Celsius and Fahrenheit are +/- 5 °C (41 °F and 23 °F).
The only prime member of a Ruth-Aaron pair. [Caldwell]
The sum of the reciprocals of the primes is infinite, but
the sum of the reciprocals of the known primes is less than
5 and will always be so! [Caldwell]
Every positive integer can be written as
x2+2y2+7z2+11w2, except for 5. [Halmos1938] [Caldwell]
No perfect Golomb ruler exists for 5 or more ticks.
The difference between the number of primes less than ten thousand (1229) and the number of twin prime pairs less than one hundred thousand (1224).
Most humans have 5 fingers in the hands and feet. [Alvino]
The only prime p such that p divides the p^th Fibonacci
number. All other primes divide either the (p-1)^st
Fibonacci number if p = 1,4 mod 5 or (p+1)^st Fibonacci
number if p = 2,3 mod 5. [Rupinski]
"Facetious" contains all 5 vowels of the English language
in alphabetical order. [Giberson]
Adams was the first with a prime number of letters in his
last name, among the Presidents of the United States of
America. Obama is the most recent. [Post]
There is one chance in 5 for a random number on the number
line to be an evil number. [Beedassy]
Boron has 5 letters and 5 protons in its atomic nucleus.
5 is the only prime whose distances to the nearest squares are squares. [Vantieghem]
5 is the only prime in the middle of a pair of cousin primes. [Silva]
For the first five primes we have prime(2)*prime(4) - prime(1)*prime(3) = prime(5). It's interesting that we also have 2*4 - 1*3 = 5. [Firoozbakht]
The largest prime that can be the number of diagonals of an
n-sided polygon (a pentagon in this case). [Green]
The only prime that is equidistant from a pair of primes by
a prime (2) and also from a pair of nonprimes by a nonprime
(4). [Beedassy]
The only prime which is immediately preceded and followed
by a semiprime. [Silva]
The arithmetic average of the first sixteen digits of the
decimal expansion of π. [Silva]
There are only 5 known regular polygons that can be
constructed with Euclidean methods (i.e., by an unmarked
straightedge and compass) that have a prime number of
sides. [Green]
5 = 012 + 021 +
102 + 120 +
201 + 210 [Poo Sung]
The first number to appear between composites. [Silva]
The smallest number n such that neither n!+1 nor n!-1 is
prime. [Silva]
The number of known strobogrammatic squares. The number of
distinct digits to write them. [Capelle]
The largest Pell number (coincidentally prime) of the
form x2 + 1. Note that 5 =
22 + 1, where 1 and 2 are the
two other Pell numbers of this form. [Capelle]
The only prime of the form 4n + n4, where n is a positive
integer. [Capelle]
Every positive integer can be written as the sum of 5
pentagonal numbers. Note that 5 is the only prime
pentagonal number. [Capelle]
The only known prime p such that sigma(p) divides
sigma(sigma(p)). [Capelle]
The only prime p such that phi(p) = tau(p) + 2, phi(p) = tau(p) * 2, and phi(p) = tau(p)2. [Capelle]
The only prime equal to a prime p plus the pth prime. [Silva]
The largest known prime p such that fib(p) divides p!, but
the only prime equal to fib(p). [Capelle]
There are 5 natural numbers n such that n is equal to the
number of 5's in the decimal digits of all natural numbers
smaller or equal to n. [Capelle]
Pollock's
conjecture (1850) states that every number can be written as the sum of at most five tetrahedral
numbers. No connection with the famous painting No.
5, 1948, by Jackson Pollock. [Capelle]
The smallest prime p such that both 2p + 1 and
2p - 1 (= Mp)
are primes. Note that both 2Mp - 1
and 2Mp - 1 are also
primes. [Beedassy]
The largest known prime number p such that binomial(2p,p) is cubefree. [Capelle]
The only prime that always ends in itself when raised to
any power. [Gundrum]
The only prime in mathematical physicist John Baez's personal list of favorite
numbers.
The only greater of twin primes, written in base 6, not to
end with the digit 1. Because all but the first greater of
twin primes is of the form 6n+1, hence ends with (base 6)
the digit 1. [Post]
There are 5 known repunit primes. [Green]
The smallest prime p such that p! + 1 is the
square of a prime with a prime number of digits. [Beedassy]
There are 5 topological symmetry types for oriented knots:
fully symmetric, reversible, +amphicheiral, -amphicheiral,
and asymmetric. Not to be confused with prime knots. [Post]
The only prime p that is the sum of the prime divisors of p+1. [Silva]
The only prime whose the square is composed of only prime
digits. [Loungrides]
The primes which can be written with 5 binary digits have a
total of 2^5 nonzero binary digits. [Hasler]
Both (prime(5))!/5!+1 and (prime(5!))!/(5!)!+1 are prime. [Merickel]
The only Fibonacci prime that is the sum of two others. [Silva]
π(1) + π(2) + π(3) + π(4) + π(5) = phi(1 + 2 + 3 + 4 +
5). It is the only number with this property. [Firoozbakht]
The floor function of e^phi = 5, where phi is golden ratio. [Gupta]
The concept of a regular polyhedron of index two was
introduced in Wills for orientable polyhedra with planar
faces. There are exactly 5 such polyhedra. [Post]
The minimum number of Pythagorean triangles required to
tile a square (C.
Jepsen and R. Yang). [Beedassy]
Canada/USA Mathcamp is an intensive 5-week-long summer program for mathematically talented high school students.
5 is the initial prime number which is not a factor of any
member of the Lucas sequence. [Schiffman]
5 primorial falls between the 5th set of twin primes. [Merickel]
The only prime p whose
seven-segment display representation requires p
segments. [Beedassy]
a(5) of Sloane A177876 is unknown. It will require the factorization of an 18742-digit integer.
The smallest prime whose index is a Mersenne prime. [Pol]
The minimum number of convex lattice points on a plane that
ensures the inner region bounded inclusively by their
diagonals contains another lattice point. [Beedassy]
According to Vedic philosophy, a living being's corporeal
body, distinct from its changeless spiritual entity,
eventually dissociates into the 5 basic elements of matter
("Panch Mahabhuta Tatva"), namely, Earth, Wind (or
Air), Fire, Water and Sky (or Ether). [Beedassy]
There are five countably infinite Ramsey classes of permutations. [Post]
"Strengths" is the only English word to contain 5
consecutive consonants. [Homewood]
The only non-titanic prime of form (n^n+1)/(n-1), where n is an integer, (case n=2). [Loungrides]
The total number of multidigit primes whose digits are consecutive digits. Can you find all 5? [Green]
'A' is the only letter in the English alphabet that contains 5 non-straight angles (three acute and two obtuse). [Green]
The end of a nucleic acid where the phosphate group is located is called the 5 prime end. [Chin]
The result of adding the prime numbers less than 5 is 5. [Hong]
Five-number summary is another name for the visual
representations of the box-and-whisker plot. [Nord]
5 is the first of the prime numbers of the form (p#)^2+1,
where p# is a primorial. [Devesh]
5 is the first prime position in Grether's Spiral.
The largest known number (coincidentally prime) n such that n! is a triangular number. [Gupta]
The only prime solution to sqrt(10^n/(n^3+n^2+n+1)), where
n is an integer. [Vona]
A revised paper by Terence Tao is titled "Every odd number greater
than one is the sum of at most 5 primes." [Beedassy]
A square enlarged homothecically and constructed from the
doubling of each of its sides cyclically produced
undergoes a 5-fold increase in area. [Beedassy]
5 is the first Fibonacci number sandwiched between two
cousin primes (3 and 7). [Rivera]
Only the first 5 hepatitis virus (A, B, C, D, E) among the
seven known to date (A through G) remain the most common. [Beedassy]
Cri-du-chat
syndrome is a rare genetic disorder caused by an abnormality in chromosome number 5. [Beedassy]
A natural consequence of Faltings'
theorem is that a hyperelliptic curve of degree 5 or
more has only a finite number of rational points. [Beedassy]
"5-A-Day" is a US health-promoting slogan following a WHO
recommendation that advises daily consumption of at least 5
varieties of fruits and vegetables to ensure proper
nutrition. [Beedassy]
For a given prime p, at most 5 squares are short of
a power of 2 by p. (The maximal case, in particular,
corresponds to the Ramanujan-Nagell equation
x2 = 2n - 7). [Beedassy]
Deoxyribose is a 5-carbon carbohydrate.
The smallest Gaussian Mersenne prime. [Wesolowski]
All (prime(n+1)/prime(n))^n values, with n greater than or equal to 5, are less than n*log(n). [Nicholson]
The first term in the only sexy prime quintuplet, (5, 11, 17, 23, 29). Note that 112317529 is the smallest prime formed by concatenating the terms of this quintuplet. [Loungrides]
Can the sum of the first n Fibonacci primes be a Fibonacci number greater than 5? [Honaker]
The only known prime of form 2^p+1, where p is prime, (case p=2). [Loungrides]
5!-7 and 5!+7 give two consecutive primes, whereas 5!-11 and 5!+11 give the previous and the next consecutive primes. [Petrov]
SOUTH AMERICA is the only continent with all 5 vowels in
its name. [Gupta]
The only prime automorphic (also called curious) number,
i.e., n^2 ends with n.
Trudgian conjectures there are no primes p > 5 for which 2!,3!, ... ,(p−1)! are all distinct modulo p.
5! + 4! - 3! + 2! - 1! and 5! - 4! + 3! - 2! + 1! are each members of a twin prime pair! [Homewood]
Using one each of 2^a and 3^b, 5 = 1+4 = 2+3 = 8-3 = 9-4 = 32-27 for five different ways. [Bergot]
The smallest arithmetic average of consecutive primes. [Silva]
The only Cyclops prime in binary [Homewood]
There are normally 5 petals in the family Rosaceae.
In chess, the "rule of 5" is for positions in which the
pawn is protected and the opposing king is cut off by
files: Add the number of rank of the pawn to the number of
files the defender's king is cut off. If the sum is more
than five, it is usually a win. Otherwise it is normally a
draw. [Soltis and
Mednis]
The first upside-down number. [Kennedy and
Cooper]
Every Rhonda number to base ten contains at least one 5. [Zumkeller]
Hamming numbers (also known as ugly numbers) are numbers
whose prime divisors are less or equal to 5.
“Detective Sanders and the Zodiac Killer” is a Puzzle Crime
5tory, exclusively created for Puzzle Prime.
6*5+1, 66*5+1, 666*5+1, 6666*5+1, 66666*5+1, 666666*5+1 and 6666666*5+1 are all primes. [Sariyar]
Helfgott proved that every odd number larger than 5 is the
sum of three primes.
There are 5 prime quintuplets of the form {p, p + 4, p + 6,
p + 10, p + 12} less than 10^4. [Homewood]
(5, 7, 11, 13) is the first tetrad of successive primes p < q < r < s such that (p+q) divides r*s+1, i.e.,
(5+7) divides 11*13+1. The next such tetrad is (47, 53, 59, 61). Is there other such tetrad? [Loungrides]
Amateur mathematician Aubrey D.N.J. de Grey constructed a
unit-distance graph which cannot be colored with fewer than
5 colors.
"Queueing" is the only English word to contain 5 consecutive vowels. [Homewood]
Iouea (a type of sea sponge) is the shortest word to contain all of the vowels. It is also the shortest word to contain four syllables. [Homewood]
"5" is the only digit absent in the largest known non-pandigital Fibonacci number, F(285) =
162926777992448823780908130212788963731840407743629812913410. [Rivera]
5 is the last digit to appear in decimal expansion of
Golden ratio. [Gupta]
The sum of any four consecutive Lucas numbers is divisible
by 5. [Homewood]
The only Sophie Germain prime that is the second prime of a
twin prime pair. [Xavier]
Hyperfactorial of 5, H(5) =
5Π1kk gives
the number of milliseconds in a day. [Beedassy]
The smallest congruent number (prime) that is the area of
right triangle with sides 3/2, 20/3, and 41/6. [Jha]
The only known centered tetrahedral prime. [Wiszowaty]
The grid-based daily guessing game Primel was created by Hannah Park. Note that each guess must be a 5-digit prime number.
Thai people laugh in prime numbers. Their word for 5 is ha, which explains all the 555’s in Thai forums. [Sophia]
Mozambique is the only one word country to contain all 5
vowels. [Homewood]
Unlike most of the prime-numbered US Interstate highways,
the I-5 actually spans multiple states. [Barnes]
Exactly 5 percent of numbers less than a thousand are Sloof Lirpa primes. [Gaydos]
Are there any integers n for which σ(σ(n)) = 5n, where σ(n)
denotes the sum of all positive divisors of n? [Nie]