Top person sorted by score

At this site we keep several lists of primes, most notably the list of the 5,000 largest known primes. Who found the most of these record primes? We keep separate counts for persons, projects and programs. To see these lists click on 'number' to the right.

Clearly one 100,000,000 digit prime is much harder to discover than quite a few 100,000 digit primes. Based on the usual estimates we score the top persons, provers and projects by adding ‎(log n)³ log log n‎ for each of their primes n. Click on 'score' to see these lists.

Finally, to make sense of the score values, we normalize them by dividing by the current score of the 5000th prime. See these by clicking on 'normalized score' in the table on the right.

rank person primes score 121 David Åkesson 13 49.8537 122 Lei Zhou 8 49.8491 123 Jens Katzur 17 49.8424 124 Martin Neujahr 6 49.8412 125 Ronny Willig 17 49.8149 126 Louis Meuler 7 49.8120 127 Benoit Da Mota 5 49.8112 128 Margus Sõmer 11 49.8094 129 Latah Headrick 8 49.8093 130 Bruce Slade 12 49.8064 131 Dennis Sydekum 5 49.8034 132 Vladislav Ketamino 16 49.7968 133 Hiroki Saito 11 49.7956 134 Frank Doornink 20 49.7952 135 Daniel Greeley 17 49.7767 136 Bob Calvin 13 49.7488 137 William Byerly 7 49.7454 138 Derek Gordon 1 49.7454 139 Patrice Salah 1 49.7436 140 Ken Ito 10 49.7376

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Notes:

Score for Primes

To find the score for a person, program or project's primes, we give each prime n the score (log n)³ log log n; and then find the sum of the scores of their primes. For persons (and for projects), if three go together to find the prime, each gets one-third of the score. Finally we take the log of the resulting sum to narrow the range of the resulting scores. (Throughout this page log is the natural logarithm.)

How did we settle on (log n)³ log log n? For most of the primes on the list the primality testing algorithms take roughly O(log(n)) steps where the steps each take a set number of multiplications. FFT multiplications take about

O( log n ^. log log n ^. log log log n )

operations. However, for practical purposes the O(log log log n) is a constant for this range number (it is the precision of numbers used during the FFT, 64 bits suffices for numbers under about 2,000,000 digits).

Next, by the prime number theorem, the number of integers we must test before finding a prime the size of n is O(log n) (only the constant is effected by prescreening using trial division).  So to get a rough estimate of the amount of time to find a prime the size of n, we just multiply these together and we get

O( (log n)³ log log n ).

Finally, for convenience when we add these scores, we take the log of the result.  This is because log n is roughly 2.3 times the number of digits in the prime n, so (log n)³ is quite large for many of the primes on the list. (The number of decimal digits in n is floor((log n)/(log 10)+1)).